What does the step-up transformer modify within the x-ray system?

A step-up transformer is a crucial component in an x-ray system that plays a significant role in altering the electrical characteristics to ensure the effective generation of x-rays. In this context, the correct answer highlights that the step-up transformer modifies volts to kilovolts.

In x-ray equipment, high voltage is necessary to create x-rays efficiently. The primary winding of the transformer receives a lower voltage input, and through electromagnetic induction, the transformer increases this voltage to a much higher level, measured in kilovolts, which is essential for the x-ray tube to function optimally.

This high-voltage output is critical because it provides the necessary energy to accelerate electrons toward the anode, where they interact to produce x-rays. Therefore, this conversion from volts to kilovolts is fundamental to the x-ray production process, highlighting the essential role of the step-up transformer in ensuring the system has sufficient voltage to generate x-rays effectively.