Which transformer design promotes lower current with higher voltage?

A step-up transformer is designed to increase voltage while decreasing current. This type of transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which allows it to change the voltage levels in an electrical circuit. In a step-up transformer, the number of turns of wire on the secondary coil (where the higher voltage is produced) is greater than the number of turns on the primary coil.

This design leads to a higher voltage at the secondary side, as dictated by the turns ratio, while simultaneously reducing the current. The relationship can be expressed by the equation:

[ V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p ]

where ( V_s ) and ( V_p ) are the secondary and primary voltages, respectively, and ( N_s ) and ( N_p ) are the number of turns in the secondary and primary coils, respectively.

In practical terms, this property is crucial in high-voltage power transmission systems. By increasing voltage and decreasing current, the system can transmit power over long distances with minimal energy loss due to resistance in the conductors, which is explained by the power equation ( P = IV ) (where ( P ) is power, ( I ) is current, and ( V ) is voltage